5.Numbers and Operators in Python
Python provides powerful support for numeric operations and a variety of operators. This tutorial covers numeric types, arithmetic operators, comparison operators, and assignment operators with examples.
Numeric Types in Python
Python supports three main numeric types:
• int: Integer numbers without a fractional part (e.g., 10, -5)
• float: Floating-point numbers with decimal points (e.g., 3.14, -0.001)
• complex: Complex numbers with real and imaginary parts (e.g., 2+3j)
Example:
x = 10 # int
pi = 3.14 # float
z = 2 + 3j # complex
Arithmetic Operators
Python provides several arithmetic operators:
Operator | Description |
+ | Addition |
– | Subtraction |
* | Multiplication |
/ | Division (float result) |
// | Floor Division |
% | Modulus (remainder) |
** | Exponentiation |
Python provides several arithmetic operators:
Examples:
a = 10
b = 3
print(a + b) # 13
print(a – b) # 7
print(a * b) # 30
print(a / b) # 3.333…
print(a // b) # 3
print(a % b) # 1
print(a ** b) # 1000
Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are used to compare two values and return a Boolean result:
Operator | Description |
== | Equal to |
!= | Not equal to |
> | Greater than |
< | Less than |
>= | Greater than or equal to |
<= | Less than or equal to |
Examples:
x = 5
y = 10
print(x == y) # False
print(x != y) # True
print(x > y) # False
print(x < y) # True
print(x >= y) # False
print(x <= y) # True
Assignment Operators
Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables and perform operations:
Operator | Description |
= | Assign value |
+= | Add and assign |
-= | Subtract and assign |
*= | Multiply and assign |
/= | Divide and assign |
//= | Floor divide and assign |
%= | Modulus and assign |
Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables and perform operations:
Examples:
x = 10
x += 5 # x = 15
x -= 3 # x = 12
x *= 2 # x = 24
x /= 4 # x = 6.0
x //= 2 # x = 3
x %= 2 # x = 1
Conclusion
Understanding numbers and operators in Python is fundamental for performing calculations and building logic in your programs. Practice these operators to become comfortable with Python’s syntax and capabilities.